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APPARATUS FOR TREATING 0B SATURATING PAPER FELT, &c.

No. 285,490. Patented Sept. 25;188

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J. J OWITT.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING 0R SATURATING PAPER FELT, &c

No. 285,490. Patented Sept. Z5, 18

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UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE. Y

JOSIAH JOWITT, OF SUMMIT, NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING OR SATURATING PAPER, FELT, 80C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 285,490, datedSeptember 25, 1883.

7 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSIAH J owrrr, a citizen of the United States,residing at Summit, in the county of Union and State of New J ersey,have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus for Treating orSaturating Paper, Felt, or other Fabrics, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to a machine for use IO in the manufacture ofcarbolized paper, antitarnish paper, roofing-felt, and other fabricswhich require to be saturated with any liquid and afterward dried. Inthis machine the paper or other fabric,in a continuous sheet or roll, ispassed first through a tank containing the desired liquid, then betweenheated pressure-rolls, and then around one or more heateddrlyiingcylinders, and is finally wound into a r0 Figure 1 of theaccompanying drawings is a vertical longitudinal mid-section of myimproved machine arranged for treating tissuepaper or other fragilefabric by absorption. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 1, but showing the machine arranged for the manufactureof three-ply roofing-felt. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevation of theframe supporting the pressure-rolls. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are similar viewsto Fig. 4, showing modifications; and Fig. 8 is a fragmentary transversesection cut in the plane of the line 8 8 in Fig. 2. Referring chiefly toFigs. 1, 2, and 3, A designates a tank to receive the coating or 3 5saturating liquid or compound,and A a steamcoil or other suitable meansof heating the same.

B B is the framing of the machine. C G are the heated pressure-rolls,and D is a dryingcylinder. The rollers G O are geared together, aredriven by any suitable means, are pressed forcibly together by screws orotherwise, and are heated, preferably, by admitting steam to theirinteriors. The cylinder D is heated in the same manner. There may beone, two, or

more of these cylinders, according to circumstances.

E is a roll of untreated fabric, a a the web of the same which isundergoing treatment, 5 and F the roll of fabric which has been treated.From the roll E the fabric passes first over a Application filedDecember 30, 1882. (No model.) Patented in England July 25, 1882, No.3.539.

roller, b, then under a tension-roller, G, then over another roller, 0,then down inside the tank A, to near the bottom thereof, around aroller, cl, then up over a second tension-roller, H, thenbetween therolls 0 C, then over another roller, 6, then around the cylinder D, thenover another roller, f, and finally is wound upon the roll F.

The tension-roller G is a somewhat freelysuspended roller, which isupheld by the web of fabric, and by its weight keeps the same smoothlydistended and causes it to properly enter the tank. XVhenever the web ofthe fabric is longer along one edge than the other, this rollercompensates for such unevenness by assuming an inclined position, itsend, which rests upon thelonger edge of the fabric, sinking lower thanits other end. Thus the fabric, although hneven, is kept uniformlydistended, and enters the tank straight and without wrinkles.

I have shown the roller G as freely suspended, with an incline, g, .onthe frame B below it at each end; but it may be otherwise arranged. Itsjournals may, for instance, be arranged to rise and fall invertically-slotted bearings or be guided in their up-and-down motion byany other means, provided that its opposite ends are not so confinedthat they must rise and fall together. A tension must be put on the rollE to retard its unwinding and render the web sufficiently taut to enableit to uphold the roller G.

The roller 6 might be omitted by carrying the web direct from the roll Eto the roller G; or both of the rollers b and 0 might be disa. pensedwith by placing the tension-roller G over the tank in place of theroller 0, and giving it, instead of a downward tendency by gravitation,an upward tendency by means of counter-weights, or by seating itsjournals on springs. Its function would not thereby be changed; but forpractical reasons I prefer the construction shown.

The roller II is another tension-roller, the purpose of which is topresent the fabric evenly I and without creases to the pressure-rolls G0.

Its journals are acted on by springs in such manner as to press themupward, and, like the roller G, its ends are independent of each other,so that as the web of fabric emerges IOO from the tank, should one edgebe tighter than the other, the roller will yield at the tighter edge andtighten the looser edge.

In Figs. 1 to 4 the ends of the roller H are shown as mounted onspring-arms h h, which, as shown in Fig. 4, are adj ust-ably fastened tothe frame of the rollers G O. In Fig. 5 they are shown as mounted onrigid levers fulcrumed to the frame and acted upon byseparate springs.In Fig. 6 the journal-bearings of the roller H are shown as suspended bysprings from brackets above. In Fig. 7 the journals of the roller aremounted onbearingblocks arranged to slide in fixed frames, and seated onsprings. These various methods are here illustrated by way of examplemerely, as the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 4 is preferred. It isdesirable to provide for the adjustment of the tension of the springs.

Between the roller f and roll F is another tension-roller, I, itsjournals working in vertically-slotted bearings, and having an up wardtendency imparted to it by means of counter-weights J J, acting throughchains pass ing over sheaves j j Like the rollers G and II, its oppositeends are independently mounted, so that one may rise higher than theother, as denoted by dotted lines in Fig. 8.

In Fig. 3 a fourth torsion-roller, I, is sh own, its journals working inhorizontallyslotted bearings and given alateral tendency bycounter-weights J, acting through chains passing over sheaves j. The useof these rollers I I will be explained hereinafter.

TVhen it is desired to treat any single layer or web of stout paper orother fabric to make ordinary tarred paper or one-ply roofing-felt, or'preservative wrappingpaper, for instance, the tar or other material orliquid is placed in the tank A and heated, if necessary, by the coil A.The web of fabric is carried through the machine as hereinbeforedescribed and power is applied to rotate the rolls 0 O, the cylinder D,and the roll F. The fabric then becomes coated or saturated with theliquid in the tank, and passes thence between the rolls 0 0, whereby anyexcess of liquid is squeezed out and falls back into the tank, and theliquid remaining in the fabric is forced into all the interstices andpartially dried by the heat. The fabric then passes to and around thecylinder D, whereby it is further dried, and, if necessary, it must bepassed around a second, third, or other number of cylinders until it issuificiently dried, so that when rolled up on F its several layers willnot adhere to one another. The rollers e and f may be made hollow andheated by steam, if desired.

Operated as thus described, my machine is well adapted for making thepreservative wrapping or packing paper described in the patent of J. F.Rodgers, October 8, 1878, No.

208,853, and for making the roofing-felt described in the patent ofGeorge S. Page, July 20, 1880, No. 230,148.

For making the anti-tarnish paper described in the patent of G. S. Page,June 14., 1881, No. 242,839, or for saturating tissue-paper or any otherfrail fabric with anyliquid, the ma chine is arranged as shown in Figs.1 and 2. L is a roll of the tissue-paper or other frail fabric to betreated, which is set in bearings on brackets k k in front of the rolls0 c. From this roll the tissue-paper passes between the pressure-rollsin conjunction with the web a of stronger fabric, and the surpluscoating or saturating material taken up by the latter and pressed out bythe rollers is sufficient to saturate the tissue-paper thoroughly andevenly. The two layers then pass to and around the cylinder or cylindersD, and afterleaving the roller f they are separated, the stronger fabricbeing carried directly to the roll F, and the tissue-paper being passedfirst over the roller I and thence to the roll- F. The weight J is soadjusted that the roller I will lift the tissue and keep it taut, butwill not break it. Both layers are rolled together upon the roll F, andby separating them for some distance previously they are prevented fromadhering together in the roll. As the tissue-paper is wound upon theinside it would,

if both layers were carried directly to the roll, have too greatfullness, and would become cross-wrinkled or creased. This fullness istaken up by the roller I,which gradually ascends in its slottedbearings, as denoted by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and the tissue-paper isthus kepttaut an d is rolled smoothly and evenly 011 the roll F. lVhenthis roll is cool, it is to be unrolled and the two fabrics rolled upsepa-' rately, or otherwise prepared for sale or use. If preferred, theymay be rolled on separate rolls in the machine. 7

Prior to my invention great difficulty has been experienced in treatingor saturating continuous webs of tissue-paper. In my machine the tissueis not carried into the liquid at all, but is saturated wholly byabsorption, and is supported and carried along by the stronger fabricuntil it is dried.

In the manufacture of three-ply roofing-felt the machine is operated asshown in Fig. 3. M and M are two rolls of tarred paper or felt, or ofpaper, felt, or other material treated with any of the substances orcompounds suitable for making roofing or building paper or othermaterial for analogous purposes. These rollshavebeen previouslytreatedin the manner first herein described, or in any other manner, andhave been dried to such extent that their layers will not adheretogether. The roll M is placed in bearings m, Fig. 1, above the web a,and the roll M in bearings m below the web. Their journals are providedwith a suitable tension or brake to retard their unrolling in similarmanner to the roll E. The web a from the roll M is passed over theroller I, and thence to the roll F. The web a from the roll M is passedaround the roller I, and thence to the roll F. The roll E is in thiscase by preference a roll of the paper or other fabric which has notbeen treated. The web a is passed IIO through the machine in the mannerherein first described, but is not fully dried by the cylinder orcylinders D, so that when wound upon the roll F with and between thetwowebs n n it shall be sufliciently adhesive to unite itself to thesewebs, so that when the completed roll is dry the three webs shall bepermanently cemented together. Thus a three ply felt is made, thesuperposed convolutions of which will not adhere together in the roll,and which consequently requires no interposed layer of paper to be woundwith it in order to keep its convolutions separated. The superiority ofthis method of manufacture to the common method of pressing togetherthree Webs of freshly-saturated material will be readily perceived. Theouter webs, n n, may be prepared simultaneously on other machines andconducted continuously to the machine shown, provided they besufficiently dried when they are united to the central web. The outerwebs may be of somewhat thinneruntreated fabric, and be sufficientlysaturated by absorption from the central web, if desired; or the centralweb need not be. saturated, but merely coated with an'adhesive materialin passing through the tank, and united to the two previously-saturatedouter webs in the manner described. The central web may have beenpreviously saturated and dried, if preferred, receiving merely anadhesive coating in passing through the tank. 7 p

The function of the two tension-rollers I and I is to insure that theouter layers, a n,

of felt shall be presented under uniform tension and without creases orwrinkles to the roll F. If either edge becomes loose or slack, thetension-roller assumes an inclined position and tightens the looseedge,as before described with reference to rollers G and H.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent,

1. In a machine for coating or saturating a web of paper or otherfabric, a tension-roller, over or under which said web is carried,arranged to be given a tendency to move in one direction by gravity orother force, and so to draw said web taut, and its opposite ends capableof moving in such direction independently of each other, whereby if oneedge of the web is less taut than the other the roller may assume anoblique position, and so keep that edge taut, substantially as describedand shown.

2. In a machine for coating or saturating a web-of paper or other fabricwith any liquid, the combination, with the tank A, for containing saidliquid, of a tension-roller, G, around which said web is passed beforeentering said tank, substantially in the manner and for the purposes setforth.

3. The combination of tank A, roll E, a brake or retarding-tensionapplied to the spindle thereof, roller 0, and tension-roller G,suspended in a fold of said web, substantially as set forth.

4. In a machine for coating or saturating a web of paper or other fabricwith any liquid, the combination, with tank .A and pressurerolls C C, oftension-roller H, arranged to press against the web of fabric andpresent the same smoothly and taut to the pressure-rolls, substantiallyas set forth.

5. The combination of tank A, pressure-rolls C C, tension-roller H, andsprings h h, acting independently upon its opposite ends, substantiallyas set forth.

6. In a machine for coating or saturating a web of paper or other fabricwith any liquid, the combination of a tank, A, containing the liquid,means for conducting the web through the liquid in said tank,pressure-rolls G G, between which such web is passed after emerging fromthe liquid, and roll L, of tissue-paper or other frail fabric, arrangedin front of said rolls, and

to feed its web between the same, in connection with thefreshly-saturated web, whereby the two are pressed together and thetissue-paper.

take up roller, I,.adapted to distend the web of fabric in its passageto the winding-roll, and tending to take up any fullness therein bytraveling in the direction of its tension, substantially as set forth.

.9. The combination, with the drying rolls or cylinders and thewinding-roll, of the interposed tensionroller I, its journals confinedin slotted bearings, and counter-weights J J, act

JOSIAH J OWITT.

Witnesses: 1

Arron E. LUM, FREDERICK H. LUM.

